How to Tour Houses of Parliament and Big Ben

The Houses of Parliament and Big Ben are among the most iconic landmarks in the United Kingdom and global symbols of democracy and architectural heritage. For visitors to London, touring these structures offers more than just sightseeing—it provides a profound connection to centuries of political history, constitutional development, and British identity. While many assume access is open to the public at all times, the reality is that visiting requires planning, timing, and an understanding of the procedures in place to preserve these historic buildings. This guide offers a comprehensive, step-by-step walkthrough of how to successfully tour the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben, covering everything from booking procedures and security protocols to optimal timing and insider tips to enhance your experience.

Understanding how to navigate this process ensures you avoid common pitfalls—such as missed bookings, restricted access areas, or misjudged travel times—and transforms what could be a frustrating visit into a seamless, memorable journey through one of the world’s most revered political institutions. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply a curious traveler, this guide equips you with the knowledge to make the most of your visit.

Step-by-Step Guide

Step 1: Understand What You’re Visiting

Before booking, clarify the distinction between the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben. The Houses of Parliament, officially known as the Palace of Westminster, is the seat of the UK Parliament, housing both the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Big Ben is not the name of the tower—it is the nickname of the Great Bell inside the Elizabeth Tower, which was renamed in 2012 to honor Queen Elizabeth II’s Diamond Jubilee. The tower itself is often mistakenly called Big Ben, but the correct term is Elizabeth Tower.

Public tours focus on the parliamentary chambers, historic rooms, and the Elizabeth Tower. You cannot tour the entire building, and access to active parliamentary sessions is restricted to members of the public who book in advance and attend during designated times.

Step 2: Determine Your Visit Type

There are two primary ways to visit the Houses of Parliament and Elizabeth Tower:

• Guided Tours – These are the standard public access options, led by trained guides who provide historical context, architectural insights, and information about parliamentary proceedings.
• Attending Debates or Committee Sessions – If you’re interested in witnessing democracy in action, you can attend sessions in the Commons or Lords galleries. This is free but requires advance booking and is subject to availability.

Guided tours include access to the Elizabeth Tower (when operational), the Royal Gallery, the Prince’s Chamber, the Central Lobby, and the historic Commons and Lords chambers. Note that tower access is not always available due to maintenance, safety protocols, or parliamentary schedules.

Step 3: Book Your Tour in Advance

Booking is mandatory. Walk-up access is not permitted. Tours are managed through the official UK Parliament website: www.parliament.uk/visiting.

Follow these steps to book:

1. Visit the official website and navigate to the “Plan Your Visit” section.
2. Select “Guided Tours” from the menu.
3. Choose your preferred date and time. Tours are available Monday through Saturday, typically between 9:30 AM and 4:30 PM, with the last entry at 3:30 PM.
4. Select the number of tickets. Children under 5 are free; children aged 5–15 receive discounted rates.
5. Provide contact details and payment information. Payment is required at the time of booking.
6. Receive a confirmation email with your booking reference number and instructions.

Bookings open approximately six weeks in advance. Popular dates—especially during school holidays and summer months—sell out quickly. For the best selection, book as early as possible.

Step 4: Prepare for Security Screening

Security at the Houses of Parliament is stringent and comparable to airport standards. All visitors must pass through metal detectors and have bags scanned. The process is efficient but can take 15–25 minutes during peak hours.

Important restrictions:

• No large bags, suitcases, or backpacks larger than 40cm x 30cm x 20cm are permitted.
• Liquids over 100ml are not allowed (though water bottles can be emptied and refilled inside).
• Sharp objects, tools, weapons, and aerosols are strictly prohibited.
• Cameras and smartphones are permitted, but tripods and professional equipment require prior approval.

Plan to arrive at least 45 minutes before your scheduled tour time. Late arrivals may be denied entry, and tickets are non-transferable and non-refundable.

Step 5: Arrive at the Correct Entrance

Visitors must enter through the Elizabeth Tower Entrance on the Victoria Tower side of the building. This is the only public entrance for guided tours. Do not go to the main public entrance near Westminster Abbey or the Houses of Parliament’s front facade—these are reserved for MPs, staff, and official visitors.

The address is: Parliament Square, London SW1A 0AA. Use public transport for ease of access:

• Underground: Westminster Station (Jubilee, District, and Circle lines)
• Bus: Routes 3, 11, 12, 24, 53, 77, 88, 148, 185, 507, 521
• Train: London Victoria or London Waterloo (15–20 minute walk)

Once inside, follow signs to the ticket desk. Present your confirmation email (printed or on your mobile device) and photo ID. Children must be accompanied by an adult.

Step 6: Begin Your Guided Tour

Guided tours last approximately 75–90 minutes and are conducted in English. Audio guides in other languages are available upon request at the ticket desk.

Typical tour route includes:

• Central Lobby – The heart of the building, where visitors often encounter MPs and peers.
• House of Commons Chamber – Observe the iconic green benches and the Speaker’s Chair. Learn about the traditions of debate and the role of the Prime Minister’s Questions.
• House of Lords Chamber – See the red seats, the Throne, and the ceremonial mace.
• Royal Gallery – A grand ceremonial space with monumental paintings depicting historic battles and royal events.
• Prince’s Chamber – A smaller room with portraits of monarchs and historic figures.
• Elizabeth Tower (if open) – Climb the 334 steps to the top for panoramic views of London. Note: This is not accessible to visitors with mobility impairments.

Guides provide context on the building’s Gothic Revival architecture, the fire of 1834, the role of Sir Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin, and the political significance of each room. Don’t hesitate to ask questions—guides are knowledgeable and enthusiastic.

Step 7: Visit Big Ben (Elizabeth Tower)

Access to the Elizabeth Tower is included in most guided tours, but it is subject to operational status. The tower undergoes regular maintenance, and access may be temporarily suspended due to safety or structural work.

If access is available:

• Be prepared for a steep climb: 334 steps, no elevator.
• Wear comfortable, flat shoes—there are no rest areas.
• Bring a light jacket; the tower can be windy and cooler at the top.
• Take photos from the viewing platform: you’ll see the London Eye, the Thames, Big Ben’s clock face, and the Houses of Parliament from above.

The Great Bell itself is not visible from the public route, but you will hear its chimes if the tour coincides with a striking hour. The clock mechanism is one of the most accurate mechanical clocks in the world and has been in continuous operation since 1859.

Step 8: Explore Surrounding Attractions

After your tour, take time to explore the surrounding area:

• Westminster Abbey – A UNESCO World Heritage Site and coronation church, located just 200 meters away.
• London Eye – A short walk along the Thames offers stunning views and photo opportunities.
• St. James’s Park – A peaceful green space ideal for a post-tour break.
• Portcullis House – Modern parliamentary office building with public art and a café.

Many visitors combine their tour with a Thames River cruise, which offers a dramatic view of the Houses of Parliament from the water—especially beautiful at sunset.

Best Practices

Book Early and Be Flexible

Availability for guided tours, especially those including the Elizabeth Tower, is limited. On average, only 100–150 visitors per day are permitted to climb the tower. If your preferred date is sold out, check the website daily—cancellations occur, and new slots may open.

Consider visiting on a weekday (Tuesday–Thursday) rather than weekends. Weekends are busier, and tours fill up faster. Early morning slots (9:30 AM–11:00 AM) are typically less crowded and offer better lighting for photography.

Dress Appropriately

There is no formal dress code, but the Houses of Parliament are a working government building. Avoid overly casual attire such as flip-flops, beachwear, or clothing with offensive slogans. Comfortable walking shoes are essential—there is significant standing and stair climbing.

Respect the Environment

Even though this is a tourist attraction, it remains a functioning parliament. Maintain quiet during guided segments, especially near chambers where debates may be in progress. Photography is allowed in most areas, but flash photography and tripods are prohibited. Do not touch artifacts, railings, or historical surfaces.

Plan for Accessibility

The Houses of Parliament are historic buildings with limited accessibility. The Elizabeth Tower is not wheelchair accessible due to its staircase. However, the ground-floor areas—including the Royal Gallery, Prince’s Chamber, and Central Lobby—are accessible via lifts. Visitors with mobility impairments should contact the Parliament Access Team in advance to arrange accommodations. Wheelchairs are available on a first-come, first-served basis.

Bring Essentials

Water is available for free at refill stations inside. Toilets are located near the entrance and in the visitor center. There is no café inside the tour route, but one is available in the nearby visitor center. Bring a small snack if needed, but consume it only in designated areas.

Learn Before You Go

Enhance your experience by reviewing key historical facts before your visit:

• The original Palace of Westminster burned down in 1834; the current building was completed in 1870.
• The clock mechanism was designed by Edmund Beckett Denison and is still manually wound three times a week.
• Big Ben’s chimes were first broadcast by the BBC in 1924, making them the first live sound broadcast in history.
• During World War II, the tower survived bombing raids and continued to chime as a symbol of resilience.

Understanding these details will make your tour far more meaningful.

Time Your Visit with Parliament’s Schedule

Parliament sits on specific days and times. If you wish to attend a debate, check the parliamentary calendar on the official website. Commons sessions are typically held Monday–Thursday, 2:30 PM–10:30 PM, and Fridays 9:30 AM–3:00 PM. Lords sessions occur Monday–Thursday, 2:30 PM–11:00 PM.

Attending a live debate is free but requires separate booking. You can request a ticket through the website’s “Watch Parliament” section. Arrive at least 30 minutes early, and be prepared for security checks.

Tools and Resources

Official Website

The primary resource for all visit-related information is the UK Parliament’s official visitor site: www.parliament.uk/visiting. It includes:

• Real-time tour availability
• Booking system
• Accessibility information
• Live streaming of parliamentary sessions
• Downloadable maps and audio guides

Mobile App: UK Parliament

Download the free “UK Parliament” app (available on iOS and Android) for:

• Push notifications about tour availability
• Interactive 3D map of the building
• Audio commentary for self-guided exploration
• Live updates on parliamentary proceedings

Recommended Books

Deepen your understanding with these publications:

• The Palace of Westminster: The Story of the Houses of Parliament by Peter Mandler
• Big Ben: The Clock That Changed the World by Richard W. D. H. Taylor
• Democracy in Britain: A History by David Marquand

Audio Tours and Podcasts

Listen to these before your visit:

• “Inside the Houses of Parliament” – BBC Radio 4 Documentary Series
• “The Great Clock of Westminster” – The History of Parliament Trust Podcast
• “London’s Hidden Architectural Wonders” – The London Podcast

Virtual Tour

Can’t visit in person? Explore the Houses of Parliament virtually through the official 360° interactive tour at www.parliament.uk/visiting/virtual-tour. This high-resolution tour includes narrated commentary and is ideal for educators, students, or those unable to travel.

Maps and Navigation Tools

Use Google Maps or Citymapper for real-time transit directions to the Parliament entrance. The “London Pass” and “Go City” cards may include discounted entry to the Houses of Parliament—verify before purchasing.

Real Examples

Example 1: A Family Visit from Canada

The Carter family—parents and two children aged 8 and 12—booked a 10:00 AM guided tour on a Tuesday in July. They booked six weeks in advance after noticing the website sold out on weekends. They arrived at 9:15 AM, passed security quickly, and were delighted when their guide, a retired history teacher, shared stories about the 1834 fire and how the clock survived the Blitz.

They climbed the Elizabeth Tower and took photos from the top, noting how the clock face appeared much larger from above. The children were especially fascinated by the fact that the bell weighs over 13 tons. After the tour, they visited Westminster Abbey and had lunch at a nearby café overlooking the Thames. They described it as “the highlight of their entire UK trip.”

Example 2: A Solo Traveler from Australia

Emma, a 32-year-old architecture student, booked a Friday afternoon tour to coincide with a live debate in the House of Lords. She attended the debate in the gallery after her tour, observing a discussion on climate policy. She recorded her experience in a travel blog, emphasizing how the combination of architecture and live democracy created a powerful emotional impact.

She noted: “I’ve seen many government buildings, but none where the weight of history feels so alive. The scent of old wood, the echo of footsteps in the corridors, the quiet dignity of the Speaker’s chair—it was humbling.”

Example 3: A Group of University Students

A group of 15 political science students from the University of Edinburgh booked a private group tour for their study trip. They arranged the visit through their university’s international office, which coordinated with Parliament’s education team. The tour included a Q&A session with a former parliamentary researcher.

The students later wrote a paper comparing the British parliamentary system to their own country’s, using their firsthand observations of chamber layouts, seating arrangements, and ceremonial traditions as primary evidence. Their professor cited their visit as a model of experiential learning.

Example 4: A Visitor with Mobility Challenges

John, a 68-year-old veteran with limited mobility, contacted Parliament’s Access Team two months in advance. He was informed that while the Elizabeth Tower was inaccessible, he could tour all ground-level areas via lift. The staff arranged for a private guide and a wheelchair loan.

He was moved by the Royal Gallery’s paintings and the quiet solemnity of the Lords Chamber. “I didn’t need to climb the tower to feel the power of this place,” he wrote in a thank-you note. “The history was in the walls, the air, the silence between the words spoken here.”

FAQs

Can I just walk in and tour the Houses of Parliament without booking?

No. All public access to the Houses of Parliament requires advance booking. Walk-in visits are not permitted due to security and operational constraints.

Is Big Ben open for tours every day?

No. Access to the Elizabeth Tower is not guaranteed on every tour date. It is subject to maintenance schedules, parliamentary business, and safety inspections. Always check availability when booking.

How long does the tour take?

Guided tours last approximately 75 to 90 minutes. If you include the Elizabeth Tower climb, add an additional 20–30 minutes for the ascent and descent.

Are children allowed on the tour?

Yes. Children aged 5 and older are welcome. Children under 5 may enter for free but must be accompanied by an adult at all times. The tour is suitable for older children, but very young children may find it lengthy.

Can I take photos inside?

Yes, photography is permitted in all public areas except during live parliamentary sessions. Flash photography and tripods are prohibited. No photos are allowed in the Members’ Lobby or other restricted areas.

Is there a dress code?

There is no formal dress code, but visitors are expected to dress respectfully. Avoid clothing with offensive slogans, beachwear, or footwear that could be hazardous on stairs.

What if I’m late for my tour?

Arriving late may result in denied entry. Tours begin promptly, and latecomers cannot be accommodated. If you anticipate a delay, contact the visitor services team immediately.

Can I visit the Houses of Parliament during a general election?

Yes. Tours continue during elections, though access to certain areas may be restricted if parliamentary business is underway. Always check the website for updates.

Is the tour available in languages other than English?

Guided tours are conducted in English, but free audio guides in French, German, Spanish, Italian, Mandarin, and Japanese are available at the ticket desk.

Are there any discounts for students or seniors?

Yes. Students with valid ID and seniors aged 60+ receive discounted rates. Children aged 5–15 also qualify for reduced pricing. Proof of eligibility is required at entry.

Can I bring food or drinks?

Food and drinks are not permitted inside the tour route. Water bottles may be carried but must be emptied before entering security. Refill stations are available inside.

How far in advance should I book?

Book at least six weeks in advance, especially for peak seasons (May–August, Christmas holidays). Last-minute cancellations occasionally open slots, so check the website daily.

Is there parking nearby?

There is no public parking at the Houses of Parliament. The surrounding area is within London’s Congestion Charge Zone. Use public transport, taxi, or ride-sharing services.

Can I bring a service animal?

Yes. Registered service animals are permitted throughout the accessible areas of the building.

What happens if the tour is canceled due to weather or security?

If Parliament cancels a tour due to unforeseen circumstances, you will be notified via email and offered a full refund or the option to reschedule.

Conclusion

Touring the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben is more than a tourist activity—it is an immersive encounter with the living history of British democracy. The Gothic grandeur of the building, the precision of its iconic clock, and the enduring rituals of parliamentary debate combine to create an experience that resonates long after you leave. But this experience does not happen by accident. It requires thoughtful planning, respect for protocol, and a willingness to engage with history beyond the surface.

By following the steps outlined in this guide—from booking early and preparing for security, to understanding the significance of each chamber and respecting the space as a working institution—you ensure that your visit is not only smooth but deeply meaningful. Whether you’re standing in the Commons Chamber, listening to the chimes of Big Ben, or gazing over London from the Elizabeth Tower, you are witnessing a legacy that has shaped the modern world.

As you plan your journey, remember that this is not a museum frozen in time. It is a vibrant, evolving institution where laws are forged, voices are heard, and history continues to be written. Your visit is a small but significant part of that story. Take your time. Observe closely. Ask questions. And carry the spirit of this place with you long after you’ve walked away from Parliament Square.